论文标题:电力市场下辅助服务的研究
Calculating Deformation of 65 Meter High Skylift Using Geometric Non-linear Method
论文作者 贺辉
论文导师 姚建刚,论文学位 硕士,论文专业 电力系统及其自动化
论文单位 湖南大学,点击次数 7,论文页数 76页File Size4013k
2001-12-01论文网 http://www.lw23.com/lunwen_725792647/ 辅助服务;AGC;备用容量;无功及电压支持;恢复及黑启动
Ancillary Services;AGC;Reserve Capacity;Reactive & Voltage Support;Restore & Black Start
辅助服务是满足电力系统的安全经济运行，保证一定的电能质量的必要措施。在电力市场中，为避免因片面追求经济效益而可能导致的系统不稳定，迫切需要采取经济措施保证系统的稳定性。市场运行管理部门必须从独立的发电公司购买辅助服务，并统一调度使用。由于辅助服务是一种商品，其使用必须给予必要的经济补偿。同时，必须综合考虑其成本、收益、定价及整个系统效益的优化等问题。 1．详细地阐述了各种辅助服务：AGC、容量备用(旋转备用、非旋转备用、替代备用)、无功及电压支持和黑启动在电力系统中的功能、特点、实现方法及其补偿方法。 2．简单地提及了美国加州、英国、澳大利亚等国比较成熟的辅助服务市场的结构特点、定价方法等。同时，介绍了我国模拟电力市场的辅助服务处理方法。 3．根据发电机作为无功电源时对有功输出及收入的影响，详细地分析了发电机无功出力的机会成本和容量成本，提出了以无功的机会成本加容量成本作为发电机无功计价的方法。 4．根据负荷变化的随机性和快速性，负荷的“针尖峰”存在，备用容量难以确定，以及用户需要更多的选择权利等因素，提出了可以允许具备条件的大用户和发电机组同时参加备用市场的竞标排序，并按排序结果进行实时调度。并通过负荷参与非旋转备用的实例，说明该方法能减少供电成本，减少某些供电可靠性要求不高的用户的费用。同时，也能满足用电负荷快速变化的需要，从而保证一定的电能质量和供电可靠性。 5．系统地论述了辅助服务市场模式，参与辅助服务机组的性能检测和考核，辅助服务费用的来源，辅助服务的信息、调度和结算等方面。 6．从美国加州电力辅助服务市场的表现，分析了其辅助服务市场存在的问题。并指出了从中可以得到的教训，以及今后辅助服务市场的发展方向。
The Ancillary Services(AS) are essential measures to guarantee the quality of electrical power in power system, which makes the system to operate safely and economically. In electricity market, some economy measures must be adopted to assure the stability in order to protect against the systems instability that caused by some companies seeking economy profit. So AS must be purchased from Independent Power Providers by the supervisory department of market and they must be dispatched and used uniformly. Because the AS are commodities, their usage must be paid by essential economy compensation. In the meantime, the cost and pricing of AS, the benefit of companies, optimization of the whole power system must be considered in designing compensation mode.1 .The function, characteristics, implement measures and compensation means of AS in power system, such as AGC, Reserve Capacity (Spinning Reserves, Non-spinning Reserves, Replacement Reserves), Reactive & Voltage Support, Restore & Black Start, are detailedly introduced.2.The characteristics and pricing of some Ancillary Services market, such as California Independent System Operator, U.K, Australia, as well as the successful aspects of the simulation power market in China are mentioned in this paper.3.When the generator provides reactive and voltage service in power system, the active output is affected and so the companys revenue will be influenced. The opportunity cost and capacity cost of reactive power of generator are analyzed, and a method considering the total cost of opportunity and capacity as pricing of reactive power is presented in this paper.4.1n power market, the load changes randomly and quickly and sometimes the load curve takes on the pinpoint-peak, so the reserve capacity is difficult to be ascertained, in the meantime, the customers require some options. The above-mentioned reasons are particularized in this paper .A method that the large customers and generator units are permitted to bid and be queued, then be dispatched in real time in ancillary services market is put forward. A example of load as non-spinning reserves is shown in this paper. Reducing the power supply cost, cutting down the charge of some consumers and satisfying rapid change of load guaranteeing power quality and reliability are advantages of this method.S.The mode of Ancillary Services market, the capability examination and check for AS units, the source of the charge for AS, the information, dispatch and settlement of AS are discussed by the numbers in this paper.6.The problems in California Ancillary Services market are analyzed in accord with this markets performances .The lessons form this market and the development of AS in the future are pointed out in this paper.